ci(e2e): 增强 E2E 测试 stage

启动独立 PostgreSQL 容器 + 后端服务容器作为测试环境；
等待数据库和后端就绪后再执行 Playwright 测试；
E2E 测试支持重试机制（RETRY_COUNT 次）；
post.always 中自动清理测试容器。

Jenkinsfile

@@ -181,20 +181,81 @@ pipeline {
         stage('E2E测试') {
             steps {
                 echo '🎭 执行E2E测试...'
+                sh '''
+                    # 启动测试数据库
+                    docker run -d --name e2e-postgres-${BUILD_NUMBER} \
+                        -e POSTGRES_DB=${DB_NAME} \
+                        -e POSTGRES_USER=${DB_USER} \
+                        -e POSTGRES_PASSWORD=${DB_PASSWORD} \
+                        -p 5433:5432 \
+                        postgres:16-alpine
+                    
+                    # 等待数据库就绪
+                    for i in $(seq 1 30); do
+                        if docker exec e2e-postgres-${BUILD_NUMBER} pg_isready -U ${DB_USER} -d ${DB_NAME} > /dev/null 2>&1; then
+                            echo "数据库已就绪"
+                            break
+                        fi
+                        echo "等待数据库启动... ($i/30)"
+                        sleep 2
+                    done
+                    
+                    # 启动后端服务
+                    docker run -d --name e2e-backend-${BUILD_NUMBER} \
+                        --link e2e-postgres-${BUILD_NUMBER}:postgres \
+                        -e SPRING_R2DBC_URL=r2dbc:postgresql://postgres:5432/${DB_NAME} \
+                        -e SPRING_R2DBC_USERNAME=${DB_USER} \
+                        -e SPRING_R2DBC_PASSWORD=${DB_PASSWORD} \
+                        -e SPRING_FLYWAY_URL=jdbc:postgresql://postgres:5432/${DB_NAME} \
+                        -e SPRING_FLYWAY_USER=${DB_USER} \
+                        -e SPRING_FLYWAY_PASSWORD=${DB_PASSWORD} \
+                        -p 8081:8080 \
+                        ${DOCKER_REGISTRY}/${DOCKER_IMAGE_BACKEND}:latest || true
+                    
+                    # 等待后端就绪
+                    for i in $(seq 1 60); do
+                        if curl -sf http://localhost:8081/actuator/health > /dev/null 2>&1; then
+                            echo "后端服务已就绪"
+                            break
+                        fi
+                        echo "等待后端启动... ($i/60)"
+                        sleep 3
+                    done
+                '''
+                
                 dir(FRONTEND_DIR) {
                     sh '''
                         # 安装Playwright浏览器
                         pnpm exec playwright install --with-deps chromium
                         
-                        # 执行E2E测试
-                        pnpm run test:e2e:journeys
+                        # 执行E2E测试（带重试）
+                        RETRY=0
+                        MAX_RETRY=${RETRY_COUNT}
+                        until [ $RETRY -ge $MAX_RETRY ]; do
+                            pnpm run test:e2e:journeys && break
+                            RETRY=$((RETRY+1))
+                            echo "E2E测试第${RETRY}次重试..."
+                            sleep 10
+                        done
+                        
+                        if [ $RETRY -ge $MAX_RETRY ]; then
+                            echo "E2E测试在${MAX_RETRY}次重试后仍然失败"
+                            exit 1
+                        fi
                     '''
                 }
             }
             post {
                 always {
+                    sh '''
+                        # 清理E2E测试容器
+                        docker stop e2e-backend-${BUILD_NUMBER} 2>/dev/null || true
+                        docker rm e2e-backend-${BUILD_NUMBER} 2>/dev/null || true
+                        docker stop e2e-postgres-${BUILD_NUMBER} 2>/dev/null || true
+                        docker rm e2e-postgres-${BUILD_NUMBER} 2>/dev/null || true
+                    '''
+                    
                     dir(FRONTEND_DIR) {
-                        // 发布E2E测试报告
                         publishHTML(target: [
                             allowMissing: false,
                             alwaysLinkToLastBuild: true,
@@ -204,7 +265,6 @@ pipeline {
                             reportName: 'E2E测试报告'
                         ])
                         
-                        // 归档测试失败截图和视频
                         archiveArtifacts artifacts: 'test-results/**/*.png, test-results/**/*.webm', allowEmptyArchive: true
                     }
                 }